Mango trees are known for their tropical beauty and delicious fruit, but sometimes their leaves can turn brown, causing concern for gardeners and farmers alike. Brown leaves on a mango tree can indicate a variety of issues, from environmental factors to pests and diseases.
Understanding the cause of mango leaves turning brown is crucial to restoring the health of the tree and ensuring a successful harvest.
Mango trees thrive in warm, humid climates and require specific growing conditions to produce healthy leaves and fruit. When the leaves on a mango tree turn brown, it can be a sign that something is not quite right.
Identifying the cause of brown leaves is essential to determine the appropriate treatment and control measures. In some cases, brown leaves may be a normal part of the tree’s life cycle, while in other cases, it may be a sign of a more serious problem.
Key Takeaways
- Understanding the growing conditions of mango trees is essential to maintaining healthy leaves and fruit.
- Brown leaves on a mango tree can be caused by a variety of factors, including pests, diseases, environmental factors, and nutrient deficiencies.
- Identifying the cause of brown leaves is crucial to determining the appropriate treatment and control measures.
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Understanding the Mango Tree
Mango trees are tropical evergreen trees that are native to South Asia. They are grown for their delicious fruit, which is enjoyed all over the world. Mango trees can grow up to 100 feet tall, but they are usually kept pruned to a more manageable height of around 30 feet.
The mango tree has a thick trunk and a dense, rounded canopy of foliage. The leaves are oblong and leathery, and they can grow up to 16 inches long. The tree produces small, fragrant flowers that are creamy white or pink in color. These flowers are followed by the fruit, which is a large, oval-shaped drupe.
Mango trees are known for their deep taproots, which can grow up to 20 feet deep. These roots help the tree to survive in dry conditions by accessing water deep in the soil. The tree also has a network of lateral roots that spread outwards from the trunk to anchor the tree and absorb nutrients.
The branches of a mango tree grow in a spiral pattern around the trunk, and they can be pruned to encourage the growth of new branches. The tree produces fruit on the ends of the branches, so it is important to prune the tree to ensure that the fruit is easily accessible.
Identifying Brown Leaves
Mango trees are known for their lush green leaves, but sometimes they can turn brown. Identifying brown leaves on a mango tree is crucial to prevent further damage to the plant. Here are some tips to help you identify brown leaves on your mango tree:
1. Check the Age of the Leaves
First, it’s important to note that some degree of leaf browning is considered normal in the life cycle of a mango tree, especially for older leaves.
As mango trees age, some of their leaves will naturally turn yellow or brown and eventually fall off, making room for new growth. Therefore, it’s important to differentiate between normal leaf browning and browning caused by other factors.
2. Look for Fungal Growth
One of the top causes of brown leaves on mango trees is fungal growth. One of the most common fungi that infects mango leaves is anthracnose. This fungus will cause the leaves on mango trees to turn brown.
This will often start on young leaves and spread to older leaves. If you notice brown spots on the leaves or black spots on the stems, it could be a sign of anthracnose.
3. Check for Pests
Pests can also cause brown leaves on mango trees. Mites and scale insects can suck the sap from the leaves, which can cause them to turn brown and eventually fall off. If you notice brown leaves with tiny webs or bumps, it could be a sign of a pest infestation.
4. Inspect the Soil
Another factor that can cause brown leaves on mango trees is soil quality. If the soil is too dry, the leaves can turn brown and crispy.
On the other hand, if the soil is too wet, it can cause the roots to rot, which can also lead to brown leaves. Therefore, it’s important to ensure that the soil is well-draining and that the tree is watered appropriately.
5. Check for Nutrient Deficiencies
Nutrient deficiencies can also cause brown leaves on mango trees. For example, a lack of magnesium can cause the leaves to turn brown. Therefore, it’s important to ensure that the soil is rich enough in nutrients and that the tree is fertilized appropriately.
Common Diseases and Pests
Mango trees are susceptible to various diseases and pests that can cause the leaves to turn brown. Here are some of the most common diseases and pests that affect mango trees:
1. Fungal Diseases
Fungal diseases such as powdery mildew, mango scab, and anthracnose can cause the leaves to turn brown. Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that appears as a white or gray powdery coating on the leaves.
Mango scab is a fungal disease that causes dark, scabby spots on the leaves. Anthracnose is a fungal disease that causes brown or black spots on the leaves.
2. Pests
Mango trees can also be affected by pests such as aphids, mites, mealybugs, and scales. These pests can cause the leaves to turn brown by sucking the sap out of the leaves.
Aphids are small, pear-shaped insects that can be green, yellow, or brown. Mites are tiny, spider-like creatures that can cause the leaves to turn brown and curl up.
Mealybugs are small, white, cottony insects that can cause the leaves to turn brown and fall off. Scales are small, flat insects that can cause the leaves to turn brown and become distorted.
3. Verticillium Wilt
Verticillium wilt is a fungal disease that can cause the leaves to turn brown and wilt. This disease is caused by a soil-borne fungus that infects the roots of the mango tree. The fungus then spreads to the rest of the tree, causing the leaves to turn brown and wilt.
4. Root Rot
Root rot is a fungal disease that can cause the leaves to turn brown and fall off. This disease is caused by a soil-borne fungus that infects the roots of the mango tree. The fungus then spreads to the rest of the tree, causing the leaves to turn brown and fall off.
Role of Watering
Watering plays a crucial role in the health of mango trees and their leaves. Mango trees require regular watering, but overwatering or underwatering can lead to brown leaves.
Overwatering can cause water stress in the tree, leading to brown leaves and root rot. It is important to avoid watering the tree too frequently or allowing water to accumulate around the roots. On the other hand, inadequate watering can also cause brown leaves due to water stress.
To ensure proper watering, it is recommended to establish a regular watering schedule. This schedule should take into account the climate, soil type, and tree age. In general, younger trees require more frequent watering than older trees.
It is also important to water the tree deeply, allowing the water to reach the roots. Shallow watering can lead to inadequate hydration and brown leaves. Mulching around the base of the tree can help retain moisture in the soil and reduce the need for frequent watering.
In addition to regular watering, it is important to monitor the tree for signs of water stress. These signs may include wilted leaves, dry soil, and brown leaves. Adjusting the watering schedule as needed can help prevent water stress and keep the leaves healthy.
Importance of Soil Quality
Mango trees require a well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. Soil quality is a crucial factor that determines the growth and health of mango trees. A healthy soil ecosystem provides the necessary nutrients and moisture required for the growth of mango trees.
Compost and manure are excellent sources of organic matter that can be added to the soil to improve soil quality. Compost is a rich source of nutrients, and it improves soil structure and water-holding capacity.
Manure is also a good source of nutrients, but it should be used sparingly as excess manure can lead to nutrient imbalances in the soil.
Mulching is another effective way of improving soil quality. Mulch helps to retain soil moisture, suppresses weed growth, and adds organic matter to the soil. Organic mulches like straw, leaves, and grass clippings are excellent choices for mango trees.
It is important to note that soil quality can be affected by various factors like pH, salinity, and nutrient availability. Therefore, it is recommended to test the soil periodically to ensure that it is within the desired range for mango trees.
Nutrient Deficiencies and Overfertilization
Mango leaves turning brown could be an indication of either nutrient deficiencies or overfertilization. Nutrient deficiencies occur when the mango tree is not getting enough of a specific nutrient, while overfertilization occurs when the mango tree is getting too much fertilizer.
Fertilizer is an essential component for mango tree growth and fruit production. However, excessive use of fertilizer can lead to overfertilization, which can cause fertilizer burn. This can cause the mango leaves to turn brown, wilt, and eventually fall off.
Overfertilization can also lead to nutrient deficiencies, as the excessive use of fertilizer can cause the soil to become too acidic, which can prevent the mango tree from absorbing certain nutrients.
Nutrient deficiencies can also cause mango leaves to turn brown. Mango trees require a balanced supply of macronutrients and micronutrients to grow and produce fruit.
Macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are required in large quantities, while micronutrients such as iron, manganese, zinc, and magnesium are required in smaller quantities. A deficiency in any of these nutrients can cause the mango leaves to turn brown.
One of the most common nutrient deficiencies in mango trees is a magnesium deficiency. This can cause the leaves to turn yellow or brown.
Organic fertilizers such as compost and manure can help to prevent nutrient deficiencies. These fertilizers can provide a slow-release of nutrients that can help to maintain a balanced supply of nutrients in the soil.
Environmental Factors
Various environmental factors can cause mango leaves to turn brown. These factors can be both natural and human-induced. Here are some of the most common environmental factors that can cause brown leaves on mango trees:
1. Humidity
Mango trees prefer high humidity levels. When humidity levels drop below the optimal range, the leaves can start to turn brown and dry out. It is recommended to maintain a humidity level of around 60% to 70% for the best growth of the mango tree.
2. Direct Sunlight
Mango trees require plenty of sunlight to grow and produce fruit. However, too much direct sunlight can cause the leaves to turn brown and dry out. It is recommended to provide partial shade to the mango tree during the hottest part of the day to prevent leaf burn.
3. pH Level
The pH level of the soil can also impact the health of the mango tree. Mango trees prefer slightly acidic soil with a pH range of 5.5 to 7.5. If the pH level is too high or too low, it can cause nutrient deficiencies and lead to brown leaves.
4. Environmental Stress
Environmental stressors such as strong winds, extreme temperatures, and drought can cause the leaves on a mango tree to turn brown. It is important to protect the tree from these stressors to prevent leaf damage.
5. Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy. If the mango tree is not receiving enough sunlight, it can cause the leaves to turn brown and fall off. Ensuring that the tree is receiving enough sunlight is crucial for healthy leaf growth.
6. Red and Green
The color of the leaves can also indicate the health of the mango tree. If the leaves are turning brown, it could be due to a lack of chlorophyll, which is responsible for the green color of the leaves. The reddish-brown color could indicate a lack of nutrients or stress.
Treatment and Control Measures
If the cause of mango leaves turning brown is a fungal disease, treatment with fungicides is necessary. Fungicides are chemicals that kill or inhibit the growth of fungi.
Copper fungicides are effective against many fungal diseases of mango trees. They can be applied as a foliar spray or soil drench. However, excessive use of copper fungicides can lead to copper toxicity in the soil, which can harm the tree roots.
Another effective treatment for fungal diseases is the use of baking soda. Baking soda is a natural fungicide that can kill the spores of fungi. To use baking soda, mix 1 tablespoon of baking soda with 1 gallon of water and spray the solution on the affected leaves. Repeat the treatment once a week until the symptoms disappear.
Sulfur is another natural fungicide that can be used to control fungal diseases. Sulfur can be applied as a dust or spray. However, sulfur can be phytotoxic to mango trees if used in excessive amounts. Therefore, it is important to follow the instructions on the label when using sulfur.
In addition to fungicides, control measures can be taken to prevent the occurrence of fungal diseases. Good cultural practices, such as proper pruning, sanitation, and irrigation, can help reduce the incidence of fungal diseases.
Pruning helps to improve air circulation and sunlight penetration, which can reduce the humidity that favors fungal growth. Sanitation involves the removal and disposal of infected plant parts to prevent the spread of the disease. Irrigation should be done in a way that avoids wetting the leaves, as wet leaves can promote fungal growth.
In conclusion, treatment and control measures for mango leaves turning brown depend on the cause of the problem. Fungal diseases can be treated with fungicides such as copper fungicides, baking soda, and sulfur.
Control measures such as pruning, sanitation, and irrigation can help prevent the occurrence of fungal diseases. It is important to follow the instructions on the label when using fungicides and to practice good cultural practices to maintain the health of mango trees.
The Impact on Fruit Production
When mango leaves turn brown, it can have a significant impact on the fruit production of the tree. This is because the leaves are responsible for photosynthesis, which is the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy.
Without healthy leaves, the tree is unable to produce enough energy to support the growth and development of the fruit.
In addition to affecting the quantity of fruit produced, brown leaves can also impact the quality of the fruit. When a tree is not able to produce enough energy, the fruit may be smaller, less flavorful, and less nutritious than fruit from a healthy tree.
Harvesting can also be affected by brown leaves. When the leaves are damaged or diseased, they may fall off prematurely, leaving the fruit exposed to the sun. This can cause sunburn, which can lead to discoloration and reduced quality of the fruit.
It is important to address the issue of brown leaves as soon as possible to prevent further damage to the tree and its fruit production. By identifying the underlying cause of the problem and taking the appropriate steps to address it, growers can help ensure that their mango trees produce healthy, high-quality fruit.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do you fix brown leaves on a mango tree?
Brown leaves on a mango tree can be caused by a variety of factors, including fungal growth, pests, and nutrient deficiencies. To fix brown leaves, it is important to identify the underlying cause and take appropriate action.
For example, if the cause is fungal growth, applying a fungicide can help. If the cause is a pest infestation, using an insecticide can be effective. If the issue is a nutrient deficiency, applying a balanced fertilizer can help.
How often should you water a mango tree?
Mango trees require regular watering, especially during the growing season. In general, it is recommended to water a mango tree deeply once a week, or more often if the weather is particularly hot or dry.
However, it is important to avoid overwatering, which can lead to root rot and other issues.
What deficiency causes leaf scorch of mango?
Leaf scorch on mango trees can be caused by a variety of nutrient deficiencies, including potassium, magnesium, and iron. In particular, a deficiency in potassium can cause the edges of mango leaves to turn brown and become scorched.
What are the symptoms of mango anthracnose on leaves?
Mango anthracnose is a fungal disease that can cause brown spots or lesions on mango leaves. In addition to brown spots, other symptoms of mango anthracnose can include leaf drop, stem cankers, and fruit rot.
How can you prevent mango leaves from turning brown?
To prevent mango leaves from turning brown, it is important to maintain good tree health and address any issues promptly. This can include regular fertilization, proper pruning, and careful watering.
Additionally, using fungicides and insecticides as needed can help prevent fungal growth and pest infestations.
What pests can cause mango leaves to turn brown?
Mango trees can be affected by a variety of pests, including spider mites, mealybugs, and scale insects. These pests can cause damage to mango leaves, leading to discoloration and browning. Using insecticides and other pest control measures can help prevent and treat pest infestations.

Hey, I’m Lisa and I’ve been an avid gardener for over 30 years. I love writing, talking and living in the garden! Feel free to connect with me on my socials below